There is always selinux if we want to add protection against arbitrary code running as root. Just because something operate as root does not mean it must have privileged access to everything.
Ouch! SELinux sorta works for the software which is packed in with the operating system which you may or may not care about. If you want to get that software to do something different or have software that you really care about (like the application server that your web site runs on) controlled by SELinux it is difficult enough that the usual answer is "disable SELinux" or "don't apply it"
I am reminded of the warning that zonemaster gives about putting your domain name servers on a single AS, as is common practice for many larger providers. A lot of people do not want others to see this as a problem since a single AS is a convenient configuration for routing, but it has the downside of being a single point of failure.
Building redundant infrastructure that can withstand BGP and DNS configuration mistakes are not that simple but it can be done.
As the CPU/RAM resources to run an authoritative-only slave nameserver for a few domains are extremely minimal (mine run at a unix load of 0.01), it's a very wise idea to put your ns3 or something at a totally different service provider on another continent. It costs less than a cup of coffee per month.
For a very long time, the computer club I was in operated a DNS server on a Pentium 75MHz and after the last major hardware upgrade it had a total of 110MB RAM memory and 2G disk space. It worked great except that before the upgrade it tended to run out of ram whenever there was a Linux kernel update, a problem we solved forever by populating all the ram slots with the maximum that the motherboard could handle to that nice 110 MB.
If I remember right there were certain very early pentium 3 processor competitors from VIA and other non-intel, non-AMD sources (with much worse performance) that had integrated onboard SVGA video, where the video RAM was shared with the system DRAM. Meaning that depending how you configured the video in the BIOS, you could have something like a 128GB RAM server "minus" 16GB RAM withheld for video, with like 112GB usable by the OS.
But if this guy is talking about a pentium 75 MHz (socket 5 CPU) that's a totally different generation of stuff several generations before that.
This makes sense for larger providers but just for a small/personal website there is literally zero advantages to having distributed authoritative DNS servers when the webserver is on a single host.
Ironically, denic still requires you to have two separate name servers with different IPs for your domain (which can be worked around by changing the IP of the registered name server afterwards lol), a requirement that all other registries I use have dropped or never had because enforcing such a policy at the registry level makes zero sense.
For a domain owned by someone in North America, it costs me literally $1.50 a month to have an authoritative only ns3 in Europe on a totally different ISP.
It depends. Do you also have email or other services for that domain? The advantage is your email doesn't start bouncing when your single host web site / DNS server is down.
Email bouncing during rare downtimes is hardly that big of an issue - if its actually important the sender will retry, possibly with a different contact method. And for short downtimes most likely the sender's MTA will just automatically retry a bit later - email is designed to work with temporary failures.
There isn't some magic reliability that everyone needs which just so happens to fall into "not achievable with a single authoritative name server" and "guaranteed with two servers". I'm not saying you should never have more than one, just that isn't the registry's business to decide what kind of availability guarantees you need for your domain.
The single domain here is a ccTLD, and DNS's heirarchical nature means your personal domain's redundant DNS can't mitigate an outage at the ccTLD level.
Sorry, no. I was responding to "I am reminded of the warning that zonemaster gives about putting your domain name servers on a single AS, as is common practice for many larger providers."
That is not the ccTLD, that is an individual domain and its name servers. I recall being given that warning for early domain registrations.
There is one thing I do not remember, and that is if Leisure Suit Larry was advertised toward children and how much of Leisure Suit Larry revenue sales came from 0–12 years old, adolescent of 13–17 years old, and then adult customers.
It could be that that Leisure Suit Larry age verification was actually fairly good, if one put it in relation towards how much of their customer base and revenue came from selling the game to young children.
After watching the video I was a bit surprised to not see them explore the possibility that the word "heartbeat" may not refer to an actually human heart, but rather the concept in similar way that computers and servers uses the term heartbeat. The US military can have a low energy transmitter that sends a heartbeat signal, but which methods of sending/receiving isn't disclosed to the public.
Sweden is currently going through an election year and its very clear how different the energy discussion is compared to HN. At one side you got parties advocating nuclear, and on the green/far left side the advocacy is wind and thermal power plants fueled by fossil fuels.
We used to have a battery developer, but they went instant bankrupt when the almost exclusive funding through government subsidizes stopped. They even rejected an offered loan from the government as not being what they wanted.
There is zero party platforms advocating for wind and batteries for weeks/months long storage. No party advocating a overprovisioning of solar either, possible because output during worst winter month generally reaching single digit percent.
The only political platforms that exist currently are either wind and thermal power plants to burn fuel during non-optimal weather conditions, or to expand the nuclear fleet, and it seems fairly similar when you look at other nearby European countries. Batteries are used as a grid balancer when switching between different form of production, but not as a replacement for the natural gas which is the primary form of fuel being burned in the thermal power plants. Election prediction is that voters are going to demand that construction of something is getting started as the Iran war is likely to trigger new spikes in fossil fuel prices, and thus this will be one of the major issues for the election. Other European countries will likely see similar election debates.
The consumption numbers for the worst month is a bit over 16 000 GW/h of electricity, with a steady growth each year (despite the transport sector being quite slow to electrify), and for a seasonal battery storage you would likely need capacity a few times of that. I would welcome it if a political party would adopt such strategy however, if nothing else because then we would have an alternative to the current two strategies being debated. They could calculations on what it would cost, either by buying it from china or building the production domestically.
Thats seems to be the logical conclusion and explanation why battery and solar are not an option for central/northen part of Europe, despite how panels and batteries are dropping in price. The reason why the only two debated options are nuclear or a combination of wind and natural gas, is that any other alternative is prohibitively expensive. With natural gas becoming a geopolitical and environmental impossibility, that then leaves only one option left for grid growth and expansion, but politically that is a hard pill to take so the debate rages on despite there being no other realistic option.
It's politically a hard pill and debates rage because for multiple decades many German politicians said that the nuclear phaseout will not be coupled with large costs and the increased consumption of natural gas will be just temporary. It's very hard for an politician to say I made a grave error and you all will carry the consequences.
Germany has directly funded anti-nuclear groups in other European countries.
I would be very happy if people who oppose nuclear would abstain from supporting the fossil fuel industry. When EU voted on green technology, one side voted for nuclear to be defined as green, while the other side voted for natural gas to be given the green status.
Looking at different party platforms here in Sweden (and similar parties in nearby countries), there is a major split between either supporting nuclear or supporting a combination of renewables and fossil fueled power plants (which sometimes goes under the name of reserve energy and other times as thermal power plants). Usually it is combined with some future hope that green hydrogen will replace that natural gas at some time in the distant future.
We could have people with positions that is neither a grid with natural gas nor nuclear, but I have yet to find that in any official party platform. Opposition to the fossil fuel industry should be a stop to building new fossil fueled power plants, and a plan to phase out and decommission existing ones. It is difficult to respect people who claim to believing in a climate crisis but then stand there with a shovel when the next gas peaker plant is being built, then arguing how bad nuclear is to combat the climate crisis.
> We could have people with positions that is neither a grid with natural gas nor nuclear, but I have yet to find that in any official party platform.
Well yeah because the battery storage to do that is still exorbitant, at least for the time being. There are some situational options but nothing universal. Other than waiting for the cost of existing battery tech to fall the most promising option I'm aware of are the prototypes utilizing iron ore for seasonal storage.
Gas peak plants are neither clean nor economical stable in Europe. The war in Ukraine and now the war in Iran has demonstrated how extreme the price of energy can become if we allow demand to exceed supply for any extended period, and multiple European governments in the last few years got elected explicitly to solve this. Having a single month cost as much as a full year, or even multiple years, is a costly lesson for voters and the economical effects are not slow to provide a second demonstration on how important stability is in the energy market.
Coal is not an option, nor is oil nor gas. Batteries for something like central/northern Europe is also not an option as a seasonal storage of weeks/months are prohibitively expensive. Hydro power has demonstrated to cause (near) extinctions of several species and ecosystems, modern research on soil has show some terrible numbers in terms of emissions, and the places where new hydro power could be built are basically zero. Biofuels from corn and oil is prohibitive expensive and also bad for the environment, and the amount of fraud currently being done in green washing corn ethanol as being "recycled" food waste is on a massive scale and not something Europe can build a seasonal storage on. Green hydrogen is not even economical yet for being used in manufacturing, not to mention being burned for electricity and heating. Carbon capture for synthetic fuel is even further away from being a realistic storage solution.
That leaves very few options, and if current world events continue as they have we will see more governments being elected on the promise of delivering a stable energy market. Wind+solar+Gas peaker plants are not that. It was already an bad idea when it got voted as "green" in EU, as it cemented a dependency on natural gas from Russia and middle east. In 2026 it should not be considered an option. Gas need to be phased out, as should the last few oil and coal plants.
I know one who did that, and from that I suspect very few will ever do it. They are a natural pesticide and the natural variation you get can be very unpleasant.
But at least many birds and other animals will definitively not touch it twice, as well most insects, and you can always use it as an pesticide if one decided that smoking it is not that great.
I am a bit surprised by that for a scientific application where you want high accuracy reading. Temperature sensors has a error margin, and I think they can also drift a bit.
In a bit of expensive equipment I own it happens to have 4 temperature and pressure sensors, located in two different locations on the unit. All of them generally disagree with each other on the exact temperature by around 0.1 C, which is fine for my use of it.
Attribution is seemingly a central part of a information sharing/gift economy, and especially in a information sharing/gift community. It is part of the trust that connects people and without it the community falls apart, and with that the economy. AI by its very nature removes attribution.
Accuracy of information is a second critical aspect of information sharing and communities that are built around it. Would Wikipedia as a community and resource work if some articles was just random words? If readers don't trust the site, and editors distrust each other, the community collapses and the value of the information is reduced. It might look like adding AI generated articles would not harm other existing articles, or the joy that editors of the past had in writing them, but the harm is what happen after the community get flooded by inaccurate information. Same goes for many other information sharing communities.
Source trust and gift attribution are two distinct concepts, I'd say. One happens at the detriment to the taker (or "thief", if that even makes sense, as per my original comment); the other harms the original "producer".
For the former, it is already very much in any AI company's best interest to preserve attribution to become and remain credible.
For the latter, I can't help but wonder whether a gift economy that needs to diligently bookkeep attribution really is one, and if this is the only practicable way to implement one in a given larger society/economy, I'd say this says something important about that society as well.
I make very heavy use of sources that Gemini sites when I use it. I tend to use AI as sort of a mega search engine where I get a little bit of discussion, but if I care even a little bit about the topic, I end up reading the source material anyway.
This is incorrect. RAG preserves attribution. Training data doesn't, but it doesn't make sense to attribute that anyway, unless you want a list of every person who has ever lived.
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