I think the difference is that stb_ds is a datastructures library and this is for algorithms. This algorithm library will also look like a completely regular C library if you just use separate .h and .c files to instantiate declarations and the implementation, I think it's very clean.
It would be interesting but I prefer the approach in this post - because the templating macros are isolated out into a "module" and it does not great spread across the user code.
